Gastric (Stomach) Cancer

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, is a malignant tumor that develops in the lining of the stomach. It is a relatively common type of cancer worldwide, although its incidence has been decreasing in many countries. Gastric cancer often develops slowly over many years and may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. However, as the cancer progresses, common symptoms may include persistent abdominal pain, unintentional weight loss, loss of appetite, difficulty swallowing, nausea, and blood in the stool.

The exact cause of gastric cancer is not fully understood, but certain risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing the disease. These risk factors include infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacterium, a history of chronic stomach inflammation (gastritis), smoking, a family history of gastric cancer, a diet high in salted, smoked, or pickled foods, and certain genetic factors. Diagnosis of gastric cancer typically involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, imaging tests (such as CT scans), endoscopy with biopsy, and laboratory tests. Treatment options depend on the stage of the cancer and may include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. It is essential for individuals with symptoms or risk factors to consult with a healthcare professional for early detection and appropriate treatment of gastric cancer.